last ditch的词源

英文词源

ditch (n.)

Old English dic "ditch, dike," a variant of dike (q.v.). Last ditch (1715) refers to the last line of military defenses.

last-ditch (adj.)

"on the last line of defense," 1715, attributed to William of Orange; if so, originally in a Dutch context.

We have no space to enter into the detail of the heroic struggle maintained by the young stadtholder and his faithful Dutchmen; how they laid their country under water, and successfully kept the powerful invader at bay. Once the contest seemed utterly hopeless. William was advised to compromise the matter, and yield up Holland as the conquest of Louis XIV. "No," replied he; "I mean to die in the last ditch." A speech alone sufficient to render his memory immortal. [Agnes Strickland, "Lives of the Queens of England," London, 1847]

中文词源

last ditch：拼死的；已无后退余地的

英国国王威廉三世（King William III, William of Orange, 1650--1702）出生于海牙，原是荷兰的奥兰奇王子（Prince of Orange），1672年出任尼德兰联省共和国军队统帅，率军与入侵的英法两国军队交战，一度失利。英法两国国王提出苛酷的和约条款，他拒绝接受。为了确保他的国家不被灭亡，他说：“I will die in the last ditch.”(我决心战死在最后一条战壕里。)他重建军队，终于在1678年取得了胜利。他没有战死在最后一条战壕里，并在1689年登上英国国王的宝座。与妻子女王玛丽二世享有相等的权力。按字面义，ditch原指“壕沟”或“防御壕”，last ditch就是“最后一条防御壕”，即“最后一条防线”，如今常用作形容词，且多用于喻义，表示“已无后退余地的”、“坚持到底的”或“拼死的”。

该词的英语词源请访问趣词词源英文版：last ditch 词源，last ditch 含义。